It is an endoscopic procedure where a flexible tube with video camera is passed via the nose or mouth into the airways and evaluation is usually performed by a skilled pulmonologist. Other endoscopic procedures include gastroscopy and colonoscopy. These procedures usually take place either in the operating theatre or endoscopy theatre.
During the bronchoscopy the airway anatomy is inspected, and abnormal areas identified. It is also possible to obtain tissue samples for testing, for example to diagnose lung cancers. Other uses include therapeutic washings and removal of foreign bodies or mucus.
Bronchoscopy is not painful but can be uncomfortable. Most patients will require an anaesthetic for this procedure, either sedation or general anaesthetic combined with local anaesthetic to the upper airway.
